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It is the second-largest city, urban area and metropolitan area in England and the United Kingdom, [b] with roughly 1. A market town of Warwickshire in the go here period, Birmingham dting in the 18th-century Midlands Free asian dating birmingham and subsequent Industrial Revolutionwhich saw advances in science, technology, and economic development, producing a series of innovations that laid many of the foundations of modern industrial society. The Watt steam engine was invented in Birmingham.
The resulting high level of social mobility also fostered a culture of political radicalism which, under leaders from Thomas Attwood to Joseph Chamberlainwas to give it a political influence unparalleled in Britain outside London, and a pivotal role in the development of British democracy.
The damage done to the city's infrastructure, in addition to a deliberate policy of demolition and new building by planners, led to extensive urban regeneration in subsequent decades. Birmingham's economy is now dominated by the service sector.
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The development of Birmingham into a significant urban and commercial centre began inwhen the Free asian dating birmingham of the Manor Peter de Bermingham obtained a charter to hold a market at his castleand followed this with the creation of a planned market town and seigneurial borough within his demesne or manorial estate, around the site that became the Asin Ring.
The free asian dating birmingham governing institutions of medieval Birmingham — including the Guild of the Holy Cross and the lordship of the de Birmingham family — collapsed between and[42] leaving the town with an unusually high degree of social and economic freedom and initiating a period of transition and growth. The importance of the manufacture of iron goods to Birmingham's economy was recognised as bifmingham asand grew rapidly as the century progressed. By the time of the English Civil War Birmingham's booming economy, its expanding population, and its resulting high levels of social mobility and cultural pluralismhad seen it develop new social structures very different from those of more established areas.
The 18th century saw this tradition of free-thinking and collaboration blossom into the cultural phenomenon now known as the Midlands Enlightenment.
Birmingham's explosive industrial expansion started earlier than that of the textile-manufacturing towns of the North of England[61] and was driven by different factors. Instead of the economies of scale of a low-paid, unskilled workforce producing a single bulk commodity such as cotton or wool in large, mechanised units of production, Birmingham's industrial development was built on gay online dating free asian dating birmingham and creativity of a highly paid workforce with a strong division of labourpractising a broad variety of skilled specialist trades and producing a constantly diversifying range of products, in a highly entrepreneurial economy of small, often self-owned workshops. The demand for capital to feed rapid economic expansion also saw Birmingham grow into a major financial centre free asian dating birmingham extensive international connections.
Innovation in 18th-century Birmingham often took the form of incremental series of small-scale improvements to existing products or processes, [67] but also included major developments that lay at the heart of the emergence of industrial society.
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Most significant, however, was the development in of the industrial steam engine by James Watt and Matthew Boulton. Birmingham rose to national political prominence in the campaign for political reform in the early 19th century, with Thomas Attwood and the Birmingham Political Union bringing the country to the brink of civil war during the Days of May that preceded the passing of the Great Reform Act in Birmingham's tradition of innovation continued into the 19th century. Birmingham was the terminus for both of the world's first two long-distance railway lines: the mile Grand Junction Railway of and the mile London and Birmingham Railway of By the s, an extensive canal system had been constructed, giving greater access to natural resources and fuel for industries. During the Victorian erathe population of Birmingham grew rapidly to well over half a million [85] and Birmingham became the second largest population centre in England.
Birmingham was granted city status in by Queen Victoria. The city established its own university in free asian dating birmingham The city was also the scene of two scientific discoveries that free asian dating birmingham to prove critical to the outcome of the war.]
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