Denmark proper, [N 2] which is the southernmost of the Scandinavian countries, consists of a peninsula, Jutlandand an archipelago of named islands[15] with the largest being ZealandFunen and the North Jutlandic Island. The islands are characterised by flat, arable land and sandy coasts, low elevation and a temperate climate.
Denmark lies southwest of Sweden and south of Norway[N 11] and is bordered to the south by Germany. The Kingdom of Denmark is constitutionally a unitary state comprising Denmark read article and the two autonomous territories [16] in the North Atlantic Ocean : the Faroe Islands and Greenland.
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Denmark proper has a population of 5. The unified kingdom of Denmark emerged in the 8th century as a proficient seafaring nation in the struggle for control of the Baltic Sea. The areas of Denmark and Norway remained under the same monarch untilDenmark—Norway. Beginning in the 17th century, there were several devastating wars with the Swedish Empireending with large cessions of territory to Sweden. In the 19th century there was a surge of nationalist movementswhich were defeated in the First Schleswig War. Denmark remained neutral during World War I ; however, in the northern half of Schleswig became Danish again. In Aprila German click the following article saw brief military skirmishes while the Danish resistance movement was active from until the German surrender in May 10 things to know about dating a military man An industrialised exporter of agricultural produce in the second half of the 19th century, Denmark introduced social and labour-market reforms in the early 20th century that created the basis for the present welfare state model with a highly developed mixed economy.
The Constitution of Denmark was signed on 5 Juneending the absolute monarchywhich had begun in It establishes a constitutional monarchy organised as a parliamentary democracy. The government and national parliament are seated in Copenhagenthe nation's capitallargest cityand main commercial centre. Denmark exercises hegemonic influence in the Danish Realmdevolving powers to handle internal affairs.
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Home rule was konw in the Faroe Islands in ; in Greenland home rule was established in and further autonomy in Denmark became a member of the European Economic Community now the EU inbut negotiated certain opt-outs ; it retains its own currency, the krone. A developed countryDanes enjoy a high standard of living and the country ranks highly in some metrics of national performance, including educationhealth careprotection of civil libertiesdemocratic governance and LGBT equality.
Denmark also has close ties to its Scandinavian neighbours linguistically, with the Danish language being partially mutually intelligible with both Norwegian and Swedish. The etymology of the name "Denmark", the relationship between "Danes" and "Denmark", and the emergence of Denmark as a unified kingdom are topics of continuous scholarly debate. Most etymological dictionaries and handbooks derive "Dan" from a nan meaning "flat land", [24] related to German Tenne "threshing floor", English den "cave". The first recorded use of the word Danmark within Denmark itself is found on the article source Jelling stoneswhich are runestones believed to have been erected by Gorm the Old c.
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The earliest archaeological finds in Denmark date back to the Eem interglacial period fromtoBC. Evidence of strong Celtic cultural influence dates dxting this period in Denmark and much of North-West Europe and dunedin dating among other things datkng in the finding of the Gundestrup cauldron. Historians believe that before their arrival, most of Jutland and the nearest islands were settled by tribal Jutes.
The Jutes migrated to Great Britain eventually, some as mercenaries of Brythonic King Vortigernand were granted the south-eastern territories of Kentthe Isle of Wight and other areas, where they settled. They were later absorbed or ethnically cleansed by the invading Angles and Saxonswho formed the Anglo-Saxons. The remaining Jutish population in Jutland assimilated in with the settling Danes. A short note about the Dani in " Getica " by the historian Jordanes is believed to be an early mention of the Danes, one of the ethnic groups from whom modern Danes are descended. From the 8th to the 10th century the wider Scandinavian region was the source of Vikings.
They colonised, raided, and traded in all parts of Europe. More Anglo-Saxon pence of this period have been found in Denmark than in England. Denmark was largely consolidated by the late 8th century and its rulers are consistently referred to in Frankish sources as kings reges. Under the reign of Gudfred in the Danish kingdom may have included all the lands of Jutland, Scania and the Danish islands, excluding Bornholm.
It is believed that Denmark became Christian for political reasons so as not to get invaded by the rising Christian power in Europe, the Holy Roman Empirewhich was an important trading area for the Danes. In that case, Harald built tjings fortresses around Denmark called Trelleborg and built a further Danevirke.]
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